Leviticus 3

Illustration: The Search For Peace

A true story: A retired couple was alarmed by the threat of war and nuclear weapons so they undertook a serious study of all the inhabited places on the globe. Their goal was to determine the place in the world least likely to suffer the ravages of war or nuclear destruction. Their goal was to find a place of ultimate security.

So this couple, they studied and traveled, traveled and studied. Finally they found the place. They made their plans. The sold their home. They packed their possessions. And they moved.

Christmas of 1981 they sent their pastor a card from their new home. Three months later the pastor was praying for their safety. You see, their new home, the Falkland Islands, was invaded by Argentine troops on April 2, 1982.

Real peace as the believer knows is found no where in this world except in Christ.

Rom 5:1 Peace with God upon conversion. The hostility is over and the sinner surrenders to Christ as Saviour and Lord.

Phil. 4:7 Peace of God. This comes when day by day we pray and cast all our care upon Him.

1 Thess. 5:23 The God of Peace. A far greater thing is to know the God of peace Himself.

 

The peace offering was not offered to make peace but to enjoy the peace already made. It made possible the desire that others should share the offerer’s joy.

There were three who enjoyed the offering, God, the priest, and the offerer and his family.

 

In chapter 3 we have God’s portion and in chapter 7 we have man’s portion.

Luke’s gospel brings out the peace offering aspect of the Lord’s death.

 

It is not the truth of Colossians 1:20, "And, having made peace through the blood of his cross…" that is emphasized in this sweet savour offering though atonement is the very foundation of it, but the truth as seen in Ephesians 2:14, "For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us." It is the peace that brings believers together, Jew and Gentle in communion with each other and with God the Father.

Cf. 1 John 1:3, "That which we have seen and heard declare we unto you, that ye also may have fellowship with us: and truly our fellowship is with the Father, and with his Son Jesus Christ."

In the peace offering, the emphasis is not upon the peace that He made by the blood of the Cross, but upon the peace He is because of the blood of the Cross.

 

1. From the Herd v1-5

1 And if his oblation be a sacrifice of peace offering, if he offer it of the herd; whether it be a male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before the LORD.

And if his oblation be a sacrifice of peace offering,

The Hebrew word for peace, shelem, is always a plural word (except in Amos 5:22) and speaks of the enjoyment of peace in all its fullness. It is not just the cessation of hostilities but wholeness and prosperity. A second meaning of this word is a sacrifice of communion in God’s presence and can be translated it as "a fellowship offering".

The peace offering was given for three reasons as seen in chapter 7:11-36 in the law of the offerings –

Thanksgiving 7:12

Vow 7:16

Voluntary offering 7:16

The peace offering was marked by a time of rejoicing and a time to remember those who were in need such as the Levites who had no inheritance and the poor.

Cf. Deut. 12:11-12, "Then there shall be a place which the LORD your God shall choose to cause his name to dwell there; thither shall ye bring all that I command you; your burnt offerings, and your sacrifices, your tithes, and the heave offering of your hand, and all your choice vows which ye vow unto the LORD: And ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God, ye, and your sons, and your daughters, and your menservants, and your maidservants, and the Levite that is within your gates; forasmuch as he hath no part nor inheritance with you."

Cf. Deut 27:7, "And thou shalt offer peace offerings, and shalt eat there, and rejoice before the LORD thy God."

There were other occasions when the peace offering was offered –

The Feast of Weeks (Pentecost) (23:19-20).

But they were also prescribed for certain special ceremonies of covenant initiation (Ex. 24:5) or renewal (Deut. 27:7), and consecration (Ex. 29:19-34; Lev. 8:22-32; 9:8-21; 1 Kings 8:63; etc.) or deconsecration (fulfillment of a Nazirite vow, Num. 6:14, 17).

Examples of other occasions at which fellowship offerings were sacrificed: (a) a successful military campaign (1 Sam. 11:15), (b) the cessation of famine or pestilence (2 Sam. 24:25), (c) an acclamation of a candidate for kingship (1 Sam. 11:15; 1 Kings 1:9, 19), (d) national spiritual renewal (2 Chron. 29:31-36), (e) an annual family reunion (1 Sam. 20:6), and (f) harvesting of the firstfruits (Ex. 22:29-31; 1 Sam. 9:11-13, 22-24; 16:4-5). A freewill offering was the minimum sacrifice that could be brought for the three annual holy convocations (Ex. 23:16; 34:20-24; Deut. 16:10, 16-17; 2 Chron. 35:8; Ezra 3:5).

In the East, to eat with people is to make them your friends and allies. It means the end of hostilities, as with Jacob and his father-in-law Laban (Gen. 31:54), or the sealing of friendship, as with Israel and Jethro and his people (Ex. 18:12). In the church today, the Lord’s Supper, or Eucharist, is a simple meal that shows the unity of God’s family (1 Cor. 10:16–18; 11:18–34). Warren Wiersbe

 

Cf. 1 Cor. 10:16-18, "The cup of blessing which we bless, is it not the communion of the blood of Christ? The bread which we break, is it not the communion of the body of Christ? For we being many are one bread, and one body: for we are all partakers of that one bread. Behold Israel after the flesh: are not they which eat of the sacrifices partakers of the altar?"

Paul uses the peace offering to prove that those who partake of an altar are having fellowship with the god of that altar and so the Corinthians by partaking of food in an idol temple were having fellowship with demons. Those who partake of the Lord’s table are having fellowship with the Lord.

 

if he offer it of the herd; whether it be a male or female,

Unlike the burnt offering a female (a cow) could be offered as well as a male (a bull).

Typically the moral qualities of both were seen in the Lord. The male speaks of strength and the female of submissiveness.

The Lord was strong yet submitted Himself to the Father’s will even though it meant the death of the cross. Both these qualities are not seen in men for a man to be submissive is seen as weakness and feminine but the Lord was strong and mighty.

Children could come freely to Him and even sit on His lap, yet He could frighten those who made His Father's house a den of thieves.

The gentleness of the mother and the discipline of the Father were both seen in Him.

In His pre-eminent servant Paul, this was also seen. In 1 Thessalonians, he describes himself as a Gentle mother and as an admonishing father.

Cf. 1 Thessalonians 2:7 "But we were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children."

a nursetrophos, here, as the following words shew = a nursing mother.

The corresponding verb, trephoµ = to feed, Luke 23:29, and then = to bring up, Luke 4:16.

cherisheth her own childrenthalpoµ = to warm; it is used of birds covering their young with their feathers, Deuteronomy 22:6, LXX. See also Ephesians 5:29, where it is used of Christ and the church.

Cf. 1 Thessalonians 2:11 "As ye know how we exhorted and comforted and charged every one of you, as a father doth his children."

 

 

 

The birds were probably excluded owing to their small size and could not be shared in a fellowship meal. In the sin offering, the priest received no portion of the bird to eat.

If the offering was not in fulfillment of a vow, the sacrifice could have some defects and still be accepted (Lev. 22:23). After all, it was basically going to be used as food for the priests and the offerer’s family; and those defects wouldn’t matter.

 

he shall offer it without blemish before the LORD.

Cf. Heb 9:14 "How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?"

 

 

 

2 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about.

And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation:

Cf. Rom 5:10 "For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life."

 

 

and Aaron's sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood upon the altar round about.

Cf. Col. 1:20 "And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven."

 

3 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

The "fat" of the animal was looked upon as being the choicest part; hence, it belonged to God (cf. 7:23–25). The separable fatty portions included: (1) the net of fat which stretched from the stomach and enveloped the bowels; (2) the fat attached to the viscera, which could easily be peeled off; (3) the two kidneys and the fat upon them; and (4) the net of fat covering the liver. If the peace offering was of the sheep, a fifth portion included the fat tail (vv. 9, 10), which sometimes weighed as much as 15 pounds among broad-tailed species.

There are two words for fat in the Hebrew language –

In the peace offering it is the suet, the inward fat typifying the inward excellencies of the Lord Jesus, His devotion – the spring of all his service.

Muscular fat – the burnt legs – typifying the vigour in the service of the Lord Jesus of whom we read, "The zeal of thine house hath eaten me up"(John 2:17).

 

 

And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD;

 

the fat that covereth the inwards,

The animal’s fat and kidneys were removed and burned on the altar as the Lord’s portion. The fat, as with cooking today, would burn rapidly and rise quickly to God. Biologically, fat speaks of inward stored energy. This may picture Christ’s zeal and devotion, as well as that inward energy He used in accomplishing the Father’s will.

 

and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

 

 

4 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away.

And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them,

The word for kidney is also translated as "reins" and is symbolic of the inner most being, our motives and intellect.

Cf. Psalms 16:7 "I will bless the LORD, who hath given me counsel: my reins also instruct me in the night seasons."

Cf. Psalms 26:2 "Examine me, O LORD, and prove me; try my reins and my heart."

Both the kidneys and the fat were burnt up on the altar typifying how the Lord Jesus loved the Lord His God above all else.

Cf. Matthew 22:37 "Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind."

 

The word for kidneys comes from a root word meaning "to complete, to finish".

The Lord completed everything He did. There was nothing left undone.

He had counted the cost and finished the work His Father gave Him to do.

The blind man saw clearly (Mak 8:25)

The withered man's hand was restored whole as the other (Matt. 12:13; Mark 3:5; Luke 6:10).

The dumb spoke (Matt. 9:33)

The lepers were cleansed so completely that the Lord could tell them to go to the priest and show themselves. All their hair would have been shaved off in accordance with Lev. 14 to prove there was not a spot of leprosy left in them.

The Lord seeks the sheep until He finds it (Luke 15:4).

On the cross, He cried, "It is finished" (John 19:30).

 

which is by the flanks,

The word flanks is also translated as "loins", and refers to the internal muscles of the loins near the kidneys.

This word is also translated as hope or confidence.

Psalms 78:7 "That they might set their hope in God, and not forget the works of God, but keep his commandments."

Cf. Proverbs 3:26 "For the LORD shall be thy confidence, and shall keep thy foot from being taken."

This speaks of the Lord's confidence in His God and Father even from His birth.

Cf. Psalms 22:9 "But thou art he that took me out of the womb: thou didst make me hope when I was upon my mother’s breasts."

and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away.

This was the membrane above the liver and the Hebrew word (yothe'reth) means the appendage, overhang, protrusion, the caudate lobe of the liver of a sacrificial animal. It comes from a root word meaning to abound, to excel, to leave over.

In the caul offered on the altar, we see that all that the Lord Jesus did was abundant and overflowing.

When the Lord healed, all were healed.

Cf. Luke 6:19 "And the whole multitude sought to touch him: for there went virtue out of him, and healed them all."

When the Lord fed the multitudes.

Cf. Luke 9:17 "And they did eat, and were all filled: and there was taken up of fragments that remained to them twelve baskets."

James tells us that God is a giving God.

Cf. James 1:5 "If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that giveth to all men liberally, and upbraideth not; and it shall be given him."

 

The liver being the heaviest of the internal organs is comes from the Hebrew word (kabhed) meaning to be heavy, to be grievous, sore.

When Jeremiah wept over the destruction of Jerusalem he spoke of his liver being poured out.

Cf. Lamentations 2:11 "Mine eyes do fail with tears, my bowels are troubled, my liver is poured upon the earth, for the destruction of the daughter of my people; because the children and the sucklings swoon in the streets of the city."

So too, our Saviour wept over Jerusalem and poured out His grief with many tears. He was full of heaviness.

He was heavy and sorrowful in Gethsemane as He approached the time of His death.

Indeed the liver was burnt up on the altar to God. All the grief and heaviness of the Lord was on account of His love for the glory of God and for the good of men.

The heathen used the liver for the purpose of soothsaying.

Cf. Ezekiel 21:21 "For the king of Babylon stood at the parting of the way, at the head of the two ways, to use divination: he made his arrows bright, he consulted with images, he looked in the liver."

 

5 And Aaron's sons shall burn it on the altar upon the burnt sacrifice, which is upon the wood that is on the fire: it is an offering made by fire, of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

And Aaron's sons shall burn it on the altar

All this was taken and burnt up to God. All that the Lord Jesus did was first of all for the glory of God. We do so much to be noticed by men but all that the Saviour did, His inner motives, represented by the inner parts of the sacrifice, were for God alone to see and appraise.

Illustration: Soli Deo Gloria

The composer Verdi stood in the shadows of the concert hall in Florence during the performance of his very first opera. Though he would later garner the acclaim of the music world, at this point in his career he was unknown. Throughout the performance Verdi waited in the darkness with his eye on one person in the audience: the master composer Rossini. Verdi did not care whether the crowd would cheer him or jeer him. All he wanted was the smile of approval from the master. So it is with us if we would follow in the footsteps of Jesus and the saints of every age. Only the Master's approval matters.

Soli deo gloria. To God alone be the glory.

 

upon the burnt sacrifice,

This was burnt upon the ashes of the continual burnt offering that was offered morning and evening (Exodus 29:41-42) or it was burnt upon the smoldering ashes of worshippers or another's burnt offering.

We shall never enjoy the fullness of the peace of God until we realise that we are accepted in the beloved represent by the burnt offering.

 

 

which is upon the wood that is on the fire: it is an offering made by fire,

 

of a sweet savour unto the LORD.

This was a acceptable sacrifice and pleasing to the Lord.

 

 

2. From The Flock v6-17

6 And if his offering for a sacrifice of peace offering unto the LORD be of the flock; male or female, he shall offer it without blemish.

 

7 If he offer a lamb for his offering, then shall he offer it before the LORD.

 

8 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of his offering, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation: and Aaron's sons shall sprinkle the blood thereof round about upon the altar.

 

9 And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD; the fat thereof, and the whole rump, it shall he take off hard by the backbone; and the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

And he shall offer of the sacrifice of the peace offering an offering made by fire unto the LORD;

 

the fat thereof, and the whole rump, it shall he take off hard by the backbone;

The fatty tail was incinerated upon the altar. The oriental fat tailed sheep (ovis laticaudata) of Palestine has several extra caudal vertebrae to support the body fat stored in the tail and can weigh between 22-33 kilos.

The Hebrew word comes from a root word meaning "strength"

This speaks of the Lord's strength to do what His Father had commanded Him.

Cf. Isaiah 42:4 "He shall not fail nor be discouraged, till he have set judgment in the earth: and the isles shall wait for his law."

 

and the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

All the fat of the animal was burnt up to God typifying Christ’s complete dedication to the will of God. Fat burns quickly and typifies the burning zeal of the Lord Jesus to do His Father’s will.

Cf. John 4:34 "Jesus saith unto them, My meat is to do the will of him that sent me, and to finish his work."

 

 

10 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away.

 

 

11 And the priest shall burn it upon the altar: it is the food of the offering made by fire unto the LORD.

The Lord’s portion, called the food of the offering made by fire (v. 11), was the fat, the kidneys, the caul, and the fat tail; in Leviticus 7:32,33 we learn that the officiating priest received the right thigh after it had been first presented as a heave offering; the other priests received the animal’s breast (7:31). This was first presented as a wave offering before the Lord; the offerer received all the rest (7:15–21). This is the only offering in which the offerer received a portion. He probably made a feast for his family and friends as a kind of fellowship meal. Thus the offering promoted peace between fellow Israelites within the covenant.

The indication in verse 11 (also v. 16) that the fat of the fellowship offering was burned on the altar as food should not be taken in the primitive pagan sense that worshipers shared meals with the Lord (cf. Ps. 50:12-13). The Lord received the fat on the altar in the case of the sin (Lev. 4:8-10, 19, 26, 31, 35) and guilt offerings (7:4-5) when no communal meal was involved.

The suet increased the flame of the burnt offering.

 

12 And if his offering be a goat, then he shall offer it before the LORD.

 

13 And he shall lay his hand upon the head of it, and kill it before the tabernacle of the congregation: and the sons of Aaron shall sprinkle the blood thereof upon the altar round about.

 

 

14 And he shall offer thereof his offering, even an offering made by fire unto the LORD; the fat that covereth the inwards, and all the fat that is upon the inwards,

 

 

15 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is upon them, which is by the flanks, and the caul above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away.

 

16 And the priest shall burn them upon the altar: it is the food of the offering made by fire for a sweet savour: all the fat is the LORD'S.

The word "food" is more often translated as "bread" and speaks of a satisfying portion.

 

 

17 It shall be a perpetual statute for your generations throughout all your dwellings, that ye eat neither fat nor blood.

 

 

 

Illustration: Shooting the saints

While there are some serious infractions that occur between church members from time to time and these need to be dealt with, there are some brothers and sisters in the church who have a spirit of criticism. They see everybody else’s sin but their own and they can wear out a pastor, a church staff, and a congregation. They are a lot like Admiral Phipps.

It is said that when the British and French were fighting in Canada in the 1750s, Admiral Phipps, commander of the British fleet, was told to anchor outside Quebec. He was given orders to wait for the British land forces to arrive, then support them when they attacked the city. Phipps' navy arrived early. As the admiral waited, he became annoyed by the statues of the saints that adorned the towers of a nearby cathedral, so he commanded his men to shoot at them with the ships' cannons. No one knows how many rounds were fired or how many statues were knocked out, but when the land forces arrived and the signal was given to attack, the admiral was of no help. He had used up all his ammunition shooting at the "saints." (Daily Bread, October 6)